Professor Yingguo Zhu, an Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, devoted his whole life (1939–2017) with tremendous enthusiasm to breeding hybrid rice. He studied and worked at Wuhan University for 58 years and contributed to enriching the diversity of hybrid rice, such as Maxie-type and Honglian-type hybrid rice. We are organizing this Special Issue in his honor to remember his great contributions to hybrid rice, especially Honglian-type male sterility. We invite researchers, including his former students, to submit manuscripts focused on male sterility, rice breeding, and, in particular, hybrid rice breeding, functional genomics research, gene mining and utilization, transposons, and the creation of germplasm. In addition, new technology and cutting-edge research studies are also welcome. We believe that this Special Issue will be helpful to the research on rice and the improvement of hybrid rice breeding in the future.

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Each morning we wake up from a night of sleep, and each day we eat our regularly timed meals, go through our normal routines, and fall asleep again for another night. This rhythm, so-called circadian—after the Latin words circa diem (“about a day”)—underlies a wide variety of human physiological functions, including sleep–wake cycles, body temperature, hormone secretion, exercise activity, and feeding behavior. Circadian rhythms are remarkably conserved throughout evolution, and it is becoming commonly appreciated that circadian rhythms represent an exquisite example of systems biology.

At the heart of all cyclic biological functions is the circadian clock, a highly conserved molecular system that enables organisms to adapt to common daily changes, such as the day–night cycle and food availability. The mammalian anatomical structure in the brain that governs circadian rhythms consists of a small area of the anterior hypothalamus, called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). For decades, this “central pacemaker” was thought to be the unique circadian clock of the organism. This dogma was challenged when peripheral tissues were also found to contain functional circadian oscillators that are self-sustained at the single cell level. This notion, together with the discovery that a remarkable fraction of the genome is transcriptionally controlled by the clock, illustrated that circadian control must play a key role in governing the metabolism and physiology of all organisms. This concept was recently validated by studies of the metabolome revealing that a large fraction of metabolites oscillate in a given tissue. Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the field of circadian biology. These have attracted the interest of researchers in many fields, including endocrinology, neurosciences, cancer, and behavior. By integrating a circadian view within the fields of endocrinology and metabolism, researchers will be able to reveal many, yet-unsuspected aspects of how organisms cope with changes in the environment and subsequent control of homeostasis.

The concept behind the Fondation IPSEN Colloque Medecine et Recherche on “A Time for Metabolism and Hormones,” held in Paris on December 5, 2014, was to capture the excitement of this field as it is opening new avenues in our v understanding of metabolism and endocrinology. A panel of the most distinguished investigators in the field gathered together to discuss the present state and the future of the field. These proceedings constitute a compendium of the most updated views by these investigators

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Each morning we wake up from a night of sleep, and each day we eat our regularly timed meals, go through our normal routines, and fall asleep again for another night. This rhythm, so-called circadian—after the Latin words circa diem (“about a day”)—underlies a wide variety of human physiological functions, including sleep–wake cycles, body temperature, hormone secretion, exercise activity, and feeding behavior. Circadian rhythms are remarkably conserved throughout evolution, and it is becoming commonly appreciated that circadian rhythms represent an exquisite example of systems biology.

At the heart of all cyclic biological functions is the circadian clock, a highly conserved molecular system that enables organisms to adapt to common daily changes, such as the day–night cycle and food availability. The mammalian anatomical structure in the brain that governs circadian rhythms consists of a small area of the anterior hypothalamus, called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). For decades, this “central pacemaker” was thought to be the unique circadian clock of the organism. This dogma was challenged when peripheral tissues were also found to contain functional circadian oscillators that are self-sustained at the single cell level. This notion, together with the discovery that a remarkable fraction of the genome is transcriptionally controlled by the clock, illustrated that circadian control must play a key role in governing the metabolism and physiology of all organisms. This concept was recently validated by studies of the metabolome revealing that a large fraction of metabolites oscillate in a given tissue. Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the field of circadian biology. These have attracted the interest of researchers in many fields, including endocrinology, neurosciences, cancer, and behavior. By integrating a circadian view within the fields of endocrinology and metabolism, researchers will be able to reveal many, yet-unsuspected aspects of how organisms cope with changes in the environment and subsequent control of homeostasis.

The concept behind the Fondation IPSEN Colloque Medecine et Recherche on “A Time for Metabolism and Hormones,” held in Paris on December 5, 2014, was to capture the excitement of this field as it is opening new avenues in our v understanding of metabolism and endocrinology. A panel of the most distinguished investigators in the field gathered together to discuss the present state and the future of the field. These proceedings constitute a compendium of the most updated views by these investigators

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Each morning we wake up from a night of sleep, and each day we eat our regularly timed meals, go through our normal routines, and fall asleep again for another night. This rhythm, so-called circadian—after the Latin words circa diem (“about a day”)—underlies a wide variety of human physiological functions, including sleep–wake cycles, body temperature, hormone secretion, exercise activity, and feeding behavior. Circadian rhythms are remarkably conserved throughout evolution, and it is becoming commonly appreciated that circadian rhythms represent an exquisite example of systems biology.

At the heart of all cyclic biological functions is the circadian clock, a highly conserved molecular system that enables organisms to adapt to common daily changes, such as the day–night cycle and food availability. The mammalian anatomical structure in the brain that governs circadian rhythms consists of a small area of the anterior hypothalamus, called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). For decades, this “central pacemaker” was thought to be the unique circadian clock of the organism. This dogma was challenged when peripheral tissues were also found to contain functional circadian oscillators that are self-sustained at the single cell level. This notion, together with the discovery that a remarkable fraction of the genome is transcriptionally controlled by the clock, illustrated that circadian control must play a key role in governing the metabolism and physiology of all organisms. This concept was recently validated by studies of the metabolome revealing that a large fraction of metabolites oscillate in a given tissue. Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the field of circadian biology. These have attracted the interest of researchers in many fields, including endocrinology, neurosciences, cancer, and behavior. By integrating a circadian view within the fields of endocrinology and metabolism, researchers will be able to reveal many, yet-unsuspected aspects of how organisms cope with changes in the environment and subsequent control of homeostasis.

The concept behind the Fondation IPSEN Colloque Medecine et Recherche on “A Time for Metabolism and Hormones,” held in Paris on December 5, 2014, was to capture the excitement of this field as it is opening new avenues in our v understanding of metabolism and endocrinology. A panel of the most distinguished investigators in the field gathered together to discuss the present state and the future of the field. These proceedings constitute a compendium of the most updated views by these investigators

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Personal health and well-being was and is important for all individuals. This includes the way people are living, what they do to stay healthy as well as a profound, well-informed diagnosis and appropriate treatment in case of disease. To achieve these goals, modern medicine is provided with a large variety of tools to assess a patient's health state and collect the information required for a proper diagnosis and treatment, which is tailored to the patient's needs. Many of these available tools use signals either generated by the human body, for example, electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG), or by interacting with the human body while traversing it like microwaves or reflected visible light that is recorded by a video camera. The biosignals recorded by the available and newly developed methods have to be processed to extract the information about the patient's condition and, analyzed tissue and cells. This book presents a small selection of the recent developments in the field of biosignal processing. The covered diagnostic tools and methods include the assessment of respiratory state through gait analysis, the contactless monitoring of cardiovascular and respiratory parameters using microwaves, a non-linear approach to extract the fetal ECG from non-invasive abdominal recordings, identification of epileptic networks from pre-surgical neurophysiological recordings and an improved method to obtain and validate the copy number alterations parameter, which are considered an important marker in cancer classification.

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This publication aims to initiate an interdisciplinary discourse on the ethical, legal, and social implications of socially assistive technologies in healthcare. It combines practically relevant insights and examples from current research and development with ethical analysis to uncover moral pitfalls at the intersection between the promotion of social participation and well-being, and risks that may diminish the achievement of these ends.

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In this book, Jan Deckers addresses the most crucial question that people must deliberate in relation to how we should treat other animals: whether we should eat animal products.

Many people object to the consumption of animal products from the conviction that it inflicts pain, suffering, and death upon animals. This book argues that a convincing ethical theory cannot be based on these important concerns: rather, it must focus on our interest in human health. Tending to this interest demands not only that we extend speciesism—the attribution of special significance to members of our own species merely because they belong to the same species as ourself—towards nonhuman animals, but also that we safeguard the integrity of nature.

In this light, projects that aim to engineer the genetic material of animals to reduce their capacities to feel pain and to suffer are morally suspect. The same applies to projects that aim to develop in-vitro flesh, even if the production of such flesh should be welcomed on other grounds.

The theory proposed in this book is accompanied by a political goal, the ‘vegan project’, which strives for a qualified ban on the consumption of animal products. Deckers also provides empirical evidence that some support for this goal exists already, and his analysis of the views of others—including those of slaughterhouse workers—reveals that the vegan project stands firm in spite of public opposition.

Many charges have been pressed against vegan diets, including: that they alienate human beings from nature; that they increase human food security concerns; and that they are unsustainable. Deckers argues that these charges are legitimate in some cases, but that, in many situations, vegan diets are actually superior.

For those who remain doubtful, the book also contains an appendix that considers whether vegan diets might actually be nutritionally adequate.

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In this book, Jan Deckers addresses the most crucial question that people must deliberate in relation to how we should treat other animals: whether we should eat animal products.

Many people object to the consumption of animal products from the conviction that it inflicts pain, suffering, and death upon animals. This book argues that a convincing ethical theory cannot be based on these important concerns: rather, it must focus on our interest in human health. Tending to this interest demands not only that we extend speciesism—the attribution of special significance to members of our own species merely because they belong to the same species as ourself—towards nonhuman animals, but also that we safeguard the integrity of nature.

In this light, projects that aim to engineer the genetic material of animals to reduce their capacities to feel pain and to suffer are morally suspect. The same applies to projects that aim to develop in-vitro flesh, even if the production of such flesh should be welcomed on other grounds.

The theory proposed in this book is accompanied by a political goal, the ‘vegan project’, which strives for a qualified ban on the consumption of animal products. Deckers also provides empirical evidence that some support for this goal exists already, and his analysis of the views of others—including those of slaughterhouse workers—reveals that the vegan project stands firm in spite of public opposition.

Many charges have been pressed against vegan diets, including: that they alienate human beings from nature; that they increase human food security concerns; and that they are unsustainable. Deckers argues that these charges are legitimate in some cases, but that, in many situations, vegan diets are actually superior.

For those who remain doubtful, the book also contains an appendix that considers whether vegan diets might actually be nutritionally adequate.

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In this book, Jan Deckers addresses the most crucial question that people must deliberate in relation to how we should treat other animals: whether we should eat animal products.

Many people object to the consumption of animal products from the conviction that it inflicts pain, suffering, and death upon animals. This book argues that a convincing ethical theory cannot be based on these important concerns: rather, it must focus on our interest in human health. Tending to this interest demands not only that we extend speciesism—the attribution of special significance to members of our own species merely because they belong to the same species as ourself—towards nonhuman animals, but also that we safeguard the integrity of nature.

In this light, projects that aim to engineer the genetic material of animals to reduce their capacities to feel pain and to suffer are morally suspect. The same applies to projects that aim to develop in-vitro flesh, even if the production of such flesh should be welcomed on other grounds.

The theory proposed in this book is accompanied by a political goal, the ‘vegan project’, which strives for a qualified ban on the consumption of animal products. Deckers also provides empirical evidence that some support for this goal exists already, and his analysis of the views of others—including those of slaughterhouse workers—reveals that the vegan project stands firm in spite of public opposition.

Many charges have been pressed against vegan diets, including: that they alienate human beings from nature; that they increase human food security concerns; and that they are unsustainable. Deckers argues that these charges are legitimate in some cases, but that, in many situations, vegan diets are actually superior.

For those who remain doubtful, the book also contains an appendix that considers whether vegan diets might actually be nutritionally adequate.

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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book explores the social history of the anti-vivisection movement in Britain from its nineteenth-century beginnings until the 1960s. It discusses the ethical principles that inspired the movement and the socio-political background that explains its rise and fall. Opposition to vivisection began when medical practitioners complained it was contrary to the compassionate ethos of their profession. Christian anti-cruelty organizations took up the cause out of concern that callousness among the professional classes would have a demoralizing effect on the rest of society. As the nineteenth century drew to a close, the influence of transcendentalism, Eastern religions and the spiritual revival led new age social reformers to champion a more holistic approach to science, and dismiss reliance on vivisection as a materialistic oversimplification. In response, scientists claimed it was necessary to remain objective and unemotional in order to perform the experiments necessary for medical progress.

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There exists a profound conflict at the heart of oncology drug development. The efficiency of the drug development process is falling, leading to higher costs per approved drug, at the same time personalised medicine is limiting the target market of each new medicine. Even as the global economic burden of cancer increases, the current paradigm in drug development is unsustainable. In this book, we discuss the development of techniques in machine learning for improving the efficiency of oncology drug development and delivering cost-effective precision treatment. We consider how to structure data for drug repurposing and target identification, how to improve clinical trials and how patients may view artificial intelligence.

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In nine lively essays, bioethicist J. David Velleman challenges the prevailing consensus about assisted suicide and reproductive technology, articulating an original approach to the ethics of creating and ending human lives. He argues that assistance in dying is appropriate only at the point where talk of suicide is not, and he raises moral objections to anonymous donor conception. In their place, Velleman champions a morality of valuing personhood over happiness in making end-of-life decisions, and respecting the personhood of future children in making decisions about procreation. These controversial views are defended with philosophical rigor while remaining accessible to the general reader. Written over Velleman's 30 years of undergraduate teaching in bioethics, the essays have never before been collected and made available to a non-academic audience. They will open new lines of debate on issues of intense public interest.

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This book is divided into different research areas relevant in Bioinformatics such as biological networks, next generation sequencing, high performance computing, molecular modeling, structural bioinformatics, molecular modeling and intelligent data analysis. Each book section introduces the basic concepts and then explains its application to problems of great relevance, so both novice and expert readers can benefit from the information and research works presented here.

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Genomic variations and phenotypic diversity are closely linked and form the underlying mechanism for development of many human diseases. This book addresses the methods of detection, analysis, and interpretation of genomic variations in clinically relevant scenarios. If your research or clinical practice involves handling of genomic sequencing data, this book is for you. Topics covered include: methods for identifying genetic diversity, the workflow for analyzing whole exome and whole genome sequencing data, local ancestry deconvolution models, the value of molecular patterns and pattern biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and genotyping and profiling resistance-associated variants of hepatitis C. If your research or clinical practice involves handling of genomic sequencing data, this book is for you.

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This widely researched study demonstrates convincingly that neither grandiose promises nor nightmare scenarios have much to do with actual care practices employing telecare. Combining detailed ethnographic studies of nurses and patients involved in telecare with a broad theoretical frameworky from various disciplines, the author concludes that these practices leads to more rather than less intense caring relations, resulting from a spectacular raise in the frequency of contacts between nurses and patients. Patients are much taken with this, not because they feel they are finally able to manage themselves, but because they can ‘leave things to the experts’. The patients find that caring is something that is best done for others. The book frames urgent questions about the future of telecare and the ways in which innovative care practices can be built on facts rather than hopes, hypes or nightmares.

Politici promoten telezorg als de meest efficiënte oplossing van het probleem van de vergrijzing en ontgroening. Met behulp van telezorg, zo beweren ze, gaan chronisch zieke ouderen ‘zichzelf managen’ en zullen er minder professionals nodig zijn. Aan de andere kant stellen technologie-pessimisten dat er een verschraling en verkilling in de zorg zal optreden als professionals telezorg grootschalig gaan invoeren. Zieke ouderen zullen hun laatste adem uitblazen onder toezicht van camera’s en sensoren, ver van menselijk contact.

Grootse beloften noch inktzwarte nachtmerries hebben veel te maken met de praktijk waarin professionals en patiënten daadwerkelijk met telezorg werken. Dat blijkt uit dit boek, waarin de auteur gedetailleerd en uiterst leesbaar verslag doet van de wederwaardigheden van patiënten en verpleegkundigen in een aantal pioniersprojecten van telezorg. De combinatie van etnografisch onderzoek en theoretische inzichten uit onder andere wetenschaps- en techniekstudies en ethiek levert verrassende inzichten op. Zo blijkt telezorg de zorg intensiever te maken omdat het contact tussen patiënten en professionals vaak spectaculair toeneemt. De ouderen zijn hier doorgaans erg tevreden over, niet omdat ze zichzelf nu eindelijk kunnen managen, maar juist omdat ze zich veilig en gekoesterd voelen door al die extra zorg die via apparatuur mogelijk wordt gemaakt. Het boek stelt een aantal prikkelende vragen over de toekomst van telezorg en de manier waarop we innovaties in de zorg zouden kunnen baseren op feiten in plaats van dromen, hypes of nachtmerries.

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medical ethics; healthcare; nursing; midwifery

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Cheminformatics has emerged as an applied branch of Chemistry that involves multidisciplinary knowledge, connecting related fields such as chemistry, computer science, biology, pharmacology, physics, and mathematical statistics.The book is organized in two sections, including multiple aspects related to advances in the development of informatic tools and their specific use in compound structure databases with various applications in life sciences, mainly in medicinal chemistry, for identification and development of new therapeutically active molecules. The book covers aspects related to genomic analysis, semantic similarity, chemometrics, pattern recognition techniques, chemical reactivity prediction, drug-likeness assessment, bioavailability, biological target recognition, machine-based drug discovery and design. Results from various computational tools and methods are discussed in the context of new compound design and development, sharing promising opportunities, and perspectives.

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Nowadays it is difficult to imagine an area of knowledge that can continue developing without the use of computers and informatics. It is not different with biology, that has seen an unpredictable growth in recent decades, with the rise of a new discipline, bioinformatics, bringing together molecular biology, biotechnology and information technology. More recently, the development of high throughput techniques, such as microarray, mass spectrometry and DNA sequencing, has increased the need of computational support to collect, store, retrieve, analyze, and correlate huge data sets of complex information. On the other hand, the growth of the computational power for processing and storage has also increased the necessity for deeper knowledge in the field. The development of bioinformatics has allowed now the emergence of systems biology, the study of the interactions between the components of a biological system, and how these interactions give rise to the function and behavior of a living being. This book presents some theoretical issues, reviews, and a variety of bioinformatics applications. For better understanding, the chapters were grouped in two parts. In Part I, the chapters are more oriented towards literature review and theoretical issues. Part II consists of application-oriented chapters that report case studies in which a specific biological problem is treated with bioinformatics tools.

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This book aims to provide a brief update to the current status of and advances in computational methods and programs used for the development of the theory and practice of biomedical signal and image communication. The book comprises a collection of invited manuscripts, written in a convenient way and of manageable length. These timely collections will provide an invaluable resource for initial inquiries into technologies and will encapsulate the latest developments and applications with reference sources for further detailed information. The methods described in this book cover a wide range of computational algorithms that are widely used in bioengineering and biomedicine. The content and format are specifically designed to stimulate the further development and application of these technologies by reaching out to non-specialists across a broad audience. This book is intended to expose the latest developments of scientists and engineers covering a variety of complementary topics, to enhance people's overall understanding of computer science and biomedical image communications. It will benefit students, scientists, and researchers in applied computer science. Engineers and clinicians working in imaging will also find this book useful.

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This book discusses the common principles of morality and ethics derived from divinely endowed intuitive reason through the creation of al-fitr' a (nature) and human intellect (al-‘aql). Biomedical topics are presented and ethical issues related to topics such as genetic testing, assisted reproduction and organ transplantation are discussed.

Whereas these natural sources are God’s special gifts to human beings, God’s revelation as given to the prophets is the supernatural source of divine guidance through which human communities have been guided at all times through history. The second part of the book concentrates on the objectives of Islamic religious practice – the maqa' sid – which include: Preservation of Faith, Preservation of Life, Preservation of Mind (intellect and reason), Preservation of Progeny (al-nasl) and Preservation of Property. Lastly, the third part of the book discusses selected topical issues, including abortion, assisted reproduction devices, genetics, organ transplantation, brain death and end-of-life aspects. For each topic, the current medical evidence is followed by a detailed discussion of the ethical issues involved.

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This book discusses the common principles of morality and ethics derived from divinely endowed intuitive reason through the creation of al-fitr' a (nature) and human intellect (al-‘aql). Biomedical topics are presented and ethical issues related to topics such as genetic testing, assisted reproduction and organ transplantation are discussed.

Whereas these natural sources are God’s special gifts to human beings, God’s revelation as given to the prophets is the supernatural source of divine guidance through which human communities have been guided at all times through history. The second part of the book concentrates on the objectives of Islamic religious practice – the maqa' sid – which include: Preservation of Faith, Preservation of Life, Preservation of Mind (intellect and reason), Preservation of Progeny (al-nasl) and Preservation of Property. Lastly, the third part of the book discusses selected topical issues, including abortion, assisted reproduction devices, genetics, organ transplantation, brain death and end-of-life aspects. For each topic, the current medical evidence is followed by a detailed discussion of the ethical issues involved.

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Published

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Recent advances in sensor design, embedded systems, and communication networks allow us to collect valuable biomedical data effectively. The new biomedical data acquisition systems make significant contributions to life quality as well as support healthcare and diagnostic procedures. This book presents several innovative applications of data acquisition technology for monitoring patient activity, assisted living, diagnosing osteoarthritis, recognizing disorders of the cardiovascular system, and designing prostheses for amputees.

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development; Sen’s capability approach; poverty; mortality; economic insecurity

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"‘Should assisted dying be legal?’ is a question that has been and continues to be actively discussed throughout the Western world, leading several countries to change their laws in recent years. This anthology provides a thorough introduction to the question from a Nordic perspective. Contributing authors from Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland present the legal frameworks, practices and debates unique to each country. The book gives a broad overview of the issue and also conveys research and experiences from the Netherlands, the United States and Canada. The book has a clear tenor – in the form of a critical stance toward legalization. The primary emphasis is on arguments against legalization, although arguments in favor of legalization are also examined. An objective with this book is to advance the public exchange of opinion, and the authors put forth suggestions for common terminology and identify different tracks in the debate. Assisted Dying in the Nordic Countries? Ethics, Experience and Politics is an important book for those who wish to immerse themselves deeply in the question of assisted dying and the debate on legalization. The book is written for a broad audience, but will be particularly relevant for healthcare workers, students in medicine, other health-related fields and ethics, as well as politicians and journalists. The authors have varied backgrounds within medicine, philosophy, medical ethics, theology and linguistics, and they elucidate the question for a variety of professional and personal perspectives."

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This collection features comprehensive overviews of the various ethical challenges in organ transplantation. International readings well-grounded in the latest developments in the life sciences are organized into systematic sections and engage with one another, offering complementary views. All core issues in the global ethical debate are covered: donating and procuring organs, allocating and receiving organs, as well as considering alternatives. Due to its systematic structure, the volume provides an excellent orientation for researchers, students, and practitioners alike to enable a deeper understanding of some of the most controversial issues in modern medicine.

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What should happen when doctors and parents disagree about what would be best for a child? When should courts become involved? Should life support be stopped against parents' wishes? The case of Charlie Gard, reached global attention in 2017. It led to widespread debate about the ethics of disagreements between doctors and parents, about the place of the law in such disputes, and about the variation in approach between different parts of the world. In this book, medical ethicists Dominic Wilkinson and Julian Savulescu critically examine the ethical questions at the heart of disputes about medical treatment for children. They use the Gard case as a springboard to a wider discussion about the rights of parents, the harms of treatment, and the vital issue of limited resources. They discuss other prominent UK and international cases of disagreement and conflict. From opposite sides of the debate Wilkinson and Savulescu provocatively outline the strongest arguments in favour of and against treatment. They analyse some of the distinctive and challenging features of treatment disputes in the 21st century and argue that disagreement about controversial ethical questions is both inevitable and desirable. They outline a series of lessons from the Gard case and propose a radical new “dissensus” framework for future cases of disagreement.

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»Zu Risiken und Nebenwirkungen fragen Sie Ihren Arzt, Apotheker — oder das Klinische Ethik-Komitee in Ihrer Umgebung.« Die Einrichtung von Klinischen Ethik-Komitees ist eine direkte Reaktion auf die Professionalisierung des Medizinbetriebs und die Erfolge in der Medizintechnik. Seit jeher bezeichnet man mit Fortschritt in der Medizin mehr als nur einen technischen Fortschritt. Gerade dessen unbestreitbare Erfolge stellen Mediziner, Pflegekräfte, Seelsorger und die Geschäftsführung zugleich vor neue Fragen und Probleme. Mit der Institutionalisierung klinischer Ethikberatung verbindet sich die Erwartung, die komplexen Verständigungsprozesse auf eine gemeinsame Grundlage zu stellen. Welche Aufgaben übernehmen Ethik-Komitees in Krankenhäusern? Wie wird dort Ethik zum Thema? Und wie kommunizieren Theologen und Pflegekräfte in diesen Gremien? Die Beiträge dieses Bandes fassen aus theologischer und philosophischer Sicht zentrale Forschungsergebnisse zusammen, die im Rahmen des DFG-geförderten Forschungsprojekts »Ethik und Organisation« zur Diskussion standen.

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Gute Führungskräfte im Krankenhaus tragen dazu bei, die medizinische und pflegerische Versorgung der Patienten auf hohem Niveau zu gewährleisten und zugleich die wirtschaftliche Existenzbasis ihres Hauses zu sichern. Sowohl innerhalb des Unternehmens als auch in der Interaktion mit Öffentlichkeit und Politik gilt es hier ständig zwischen den Ansprüchen an Wirtschaftlichkeit und gute Medizin zu vermitteln. Überzeugungskraft gewinnen Führungskräfte dabei durch einen präzisen Bezug auf die Werte und Ziele von Medizin und Ökonomie. Ein konstruktives Verständnis von Ethik – nicht nur auf Ebene der Patientenversorgung, sondern auch auf Ebene der Organisation – ist eine wesentliche Kompetenz für das Krankenhausmanagement. Ethik ist ein grundlegender Aspekt der Qualität – dies gilt sowohl für die Medizin als auch für das Management. Werte, Vertrauen, Kultur und Ethik im Krankenhaus werden von Patienten, Mitarbeitern und Bevölkerung erwartet und sollten nicht dem Zufall überlassen werden. Es bedarf gezielter Managementmaßnahmen im Sinne eines Ethikmanagements, um durch Institutionalisierung und Strukturierung die Ethik in der Organisation Krankenhaus zu unterstützen und so einen wichtigen Beitrag sowohl zur Verbesserung der Patientenversorgung als auch zur Zufriedenheit und Motivation der Mitarbeiter zu leisten. Dieses Buch vermittelt Wissen und Praxistipps zum Aufbau von Ethik-Kompetenz und Ethikmanagement als Schlüsselfaktoren für das nachhaltig erfolgreiche Krankenhausmanagement.

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Gute Führungskräfte im Krankenhaus tragen dazu bei, die medizinische und pflegerische Versorgung der Patienten auf hohem Niveau zu gewährleisten und zugleich die wirtschaftliche Existenzbasis ihres Hauses zu sichern. Sowohl innerhalb des Unternehmens als auch in der Interaktion mit Öffentlichkeit und Politik gilt es hier ständig zwischen den Ansprüchen an Wirtschaftlichkeit und gute Medizin zu vermitteln. Überzeugungskraft gewinnen Führungskräfte dabei durch einen präzisen Bezug auf die Werte und Ziele von Medizin und Ökonomie. Ein konstruktives Verständnis von Ethik – nicht nur auf Ebene der Patientenversorgung, sondern auch auf Ebene der Organisation – ist eine wesentliche Kompetenz für das Krankenhausmanagement.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched KU Open Services

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This volume focuses on the etiology and morphogenesis of congenital heart diseases. It reviews in detail the early development and differentiation of the heart, and later morphologic events of the cardiovascular system, covering a wide range of topics such as gene functions, growth factors, transcription factors and cellular interactions that are implicated in cardiac morphogenesis and congenital heart disease. This book also presents recent advances in stem cell and cell sheet tissue engineering technologies which have the potential to provide novel in vitro disease models and to generate regenerative paradigms for cardiac repair and regeneration. This is the ideal resource for physician scientists and investigators looking for updates on recent investigations on the origins of congenital heart disease and potential future therapies.

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Prenatal diagnosis, especially noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), has changed the experience of pregnancy, prenatal care and responsibilities in Israel and Germany in different ways. These differences reflect the countries' historical legacies, medico-legal policies, normative and cultural identities. Building on this observation, the contributors of this book present conversations between leading scholars from Israel and Germany based on an empirical bioethical perspective, analyses about the reshaping of 'life' by biomedicine, and philosophical reflections on socio-cultural claims and epistemic horizons of responsibilities. Practices and discussions of reproductive medicine transform the concepts of responsibility and irresponsibility.

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This important book outlines how, despite varying levels of global socio-economic development, governments around the world can guarantee their citizens’ fundamental right to basic healthcare. Ground in the philosophical position that healthcare is an essential element to human dignity, the book moves beyond this theoretical principle to offer policy makers a basis for health policies based on public accountability and social responsiveness. Also emphasizing the importance of global co-operation, particularly in the area of health promotion and communication, it addresses, too, the issue of financial sustainability, suggesting robust mechanisms of economic and social regulation. New opportunities created by e-health, evidence-based data and artificial intelligence are all highlighted and discussed, as is the issue of patient rights. Students and researchers across bioethics, public health and medical sociology will find this book fascinating reading, as will policy makers in the field.

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Healthcare ethics cannot be limited in scope to apply only to the patient but needs to apply to the healthcare practitioner as well. The relationship between the patient and the healthcare practitioner has shifted from a power relationship to a complementary relationship. Leadership, mentorship and coaching play important roles in facilitating this shift. Several themes informed this book on healthcare ethics: Vulnerability in healthcare ethics, Decisions between right and wrong, Quality of healthcare, Life-ending decisions, Community-based research, Ethical decision-making, Spritiuality in healthcare

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Since the establishment of the Republic of Turkey is the 100th year, 2023 is of great importance for all of us. As faculty members of the Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University, 100 of our Republic. In memory of the year “Nursing and Ethics,” we are proud to share the book with our valuable readers. Nursing and ethics are closely linked by the nature of care actions, which are the main functions of nursing. “Nursing and Ethic” book, is written to be a book that can be used both during the undergraduate and graduate education of nursing students and in the prevention of ethical problems that our colleagues may interfere with during their professional lives and in the easier resolution of ethical problems. “The book Nursing and Ethics” will be used in the prevention and solution of ethical problems they may face concerning human dignity, integrity, and human rights to offer and maintain nursing care, professional values, and ethical codes, codes, it contains the universal ethical principles and the basic knowledge and skills necessary to solve ethical problems. In the book “Nursing and Ethic”, the topics of the basic departments in nursing are considered in terms of the ease of use of both nursing students and our colleagues. In the book “Introduction to Ethics, Internal Medicine Nursing and Ethics, Surgical Nursing and Ethics, Child Nursing and Ethics, Women's Health Nursing and Ethics, Psychiatric Nursing and Ethics, Education, and Ethics in Nursing, and Ethics in Nursing, A total of 10 units including Management and Ethics in Nursing, Public Health Nursing and Ethics, Research and Publication Ethics in Nursing,” and 40 departments are included in these units. The “Nursing and Ethics” book was completed with the participation of 46 authors who are experts in the field from different regions of Turkey.

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metabolic diseases; obesity; type 2 diabetes; muscle glycogen; skeletal muscle microRNAs; Tryptophan-kynurenine metabolites; FNDC5/irisin; AMPK; human brown adipose tissue plasticity

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Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a signal-processing method to extract independent sources given only observed data that are mixtures of the unknown sources. Recently, Blind Source Separation (BSS) by ICA has received considerable attention because of its potential signal-processing applications such as speech enhancement systems, image processing, telecommunications, medical signal processing and several data mining issues. This book brings the state-of-the-art of some of the most important current research of ICA related to Audio and Biomedical signal processing applications. The book is partly a textbook and partly a monograph. It is a textbook because it gives a detailed introduction to ICA applications. It is simultaneously a monograph because it presents several new results, concepts and further developments, which are brought together and published in the book.

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medical humanities; philosophy

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The Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry first introduced the concept of “Interface Oral Health Science”, designed to establish and maintain healthy oral cavities, which are home to a number of mixed systems. Included in those systems are: (1) host tissues such as teeth, mucosa, muscle and bone, (2) parasites and microorganisms cohabiting the surfaces of the oral cavity and (3) biomaterials that are used for the rehabilitation of oral functions. In addition, (4) these systems are subject to severe and complex mechanical forces. Therefore, it is critical to promote dental studies that integrate a wide range of interdisciplinary research as medicine, agriculture, material science, engineering, and pharmacology. With this incentive, international symposiums for interface oral health science have been held several times in the past. The concept has since refined and expanded, the result being the “Biosis-Abiosis Intelligent Interface,” and projects aiming at the creation of highly functional and autonomic intelligent interfaces are ongoing. This book brings together a number of studies on incentives and projects by leading authors. Topics include biosis-abiosis interface of dental implants, biomaterials in interface science, biomedical engineering interface and cell manipulation and tissue regeneration. Readers not only from the field of dentistry but also many related areas will find this book a valuable resource.

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The Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry first introduced the concept of “Interface Oral Health Science”, designed to establish and maintain healthy oral cavities, which are home to a number of mixed systems. Included in those systems are: (1) host tissues such as teeth, mucosa, muscle and bone, (2) parasites and microorganisms cohabiting the surfaces of the oral cavity and (3) biomaterials that are used for the rehabilitation of oral functions. In addition, (4) these systems are subject to severe and complex mechanical forces. Therefore, it is critical to promote dental studies that integrate a wide range of interdisciplinary research as medicine, agriculture, material science, engineering, and pharmacology. With this incentive, international symposiums for interface oral health science have been held several times in the past. The concept has since refined and expanded, the result being the “Biosis-Abiosis Intelligent Interface,” and projects aiming at the creation of highly functional and autonomic intelligent interfaces are ongoing. This book brings together a number of studies on incentives and projects by leading authors. Topics include biosis-abiosis interface of dental implants, biomaterials in interface science, biomedical engineering interface and cell manipulation and tissue regeneration. Readers not only from the field of dentistry but also many related areas will find this book a valuable resource.

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Perfektes Aussehen und ewige Jugend, Intelligenz und Kreativität, Kraft und Konzentration. All diese Wünsche soll und will die Medizin heute erfüllen. Ob Anti-Aging, Schönheitschirurgie, Neuroenhancement oder Gendoping - neben ihrem klassisch-therapeutischen Auftrag folgt ärztliche Hilfe zunehmend auch dem Ziel der Wunscherfüllung. Ganz ohne Krankheitsbezug und Indikationsstellung, als Medizin für Gesunde. Nach einer philosophischen Untersuchung der Bedeutung von Wünschen und Bedürfnissen analysiert Tobias Eichinger die theoretischen Grundlagen wunscherfüllender Medizin. Er zeigt auf: Ärztliche Hilfe jenseits der Therapie kann zu erheblichen ethischen Problemen führen.

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»Protecting the Life of the Embryo In Vitro« This book explores the question of when exactly human life begins and benefits from protection of life. To address the issue of protection of human life, the hotly debated question of the legal status of the embryo is examined. This research concludes that because The Embryo Protection Act has many gaps and confusions, and in some places has failed to catch up with the new medical advances, it is necessary to make a comprehensive and precise reproductive medicine law.

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More than two decades have passed since the start of the national programme of Continuing Education in Medicine and, during this time, training for health professionals has become a pathway co-constructed by a plurality of roles involved in the design and implementation of an effective training experience. In this regard, this text describes the characteristics of and connections between three elements that are well known, yet sometimes made explicit in a fragmentary manner: the context (of continuing healthcare training), the action (of designing it), and the support staff. In particular, the emerging role of the Digital Educator is presented in its function of support and co-design in the specific field of e-learning in healthcare. their competences are articulated in this book in seven tips, in order to guide the actions of future Digital Educators who for the first time find themselves co-designing online trainings in the healthcare sector and, at the same time, support the knowledge of professionals who are already working in the training offices of the AUSL.

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Die der Krankenversorgung immanente Caritas ist ebenso keine Gegenkategorie zur Ökonomie, also zu einem wirtschaftlichen Handeln, wie auch das Management der sozialen Verantwortung nicht auf die Moderation (scheinbar) gegensätzlicher Interessen von Patienten, Mitarbeitern und Trägern beschränkt ist. Im Gegenteil: Auch im Krankenhaus ist – wie in jeder anderen wirtschaftenden Organisation – soziale Verantwortung als strategische Aufgabe zur Stärkung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und Bewältigung von Veränderungen zu definieren und personell wie institutionell dauerhaft zu implementieren. – Wie können die Akteure in einem Krankenhaus soziale Verantwortung wahrnehmen und umsetzen und zugleich für eine nachhaltige Performance sorgen? – Wer sind die unterschiedlichen Stakeholder und welche Positionen und Aspekte sind bei welchen unternehmerischen Entscheidungen zu berücksichtigen? – Welche sind die Messgrößen für sozial verantwortliches Handeln und damit die Zielgrößen und Handlungsfelder der Verantwortungsträger? – Welche sind die personellen und institutionellen Voraussetzungen für ein Management der sozialen Verantwortung? Diese Fragen werden umsetzungsorientiert dargestellt und durch Praxis-Beispiele zur Entwicklung und Implementierung eines neuen Managements der sozialen Verantwortung ergänzt.

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"Manipulating practices is the first ever collection of critical physiotherapy studies and comes at a time of unprecedented change in the profession. Written as a collaboration between 20 authors, many members of the Critical Physiotherapy Network (CPN), the book uncovers the growing body of critical thinking now emerging in physiotherapy. From topics as diverse as 21st century education, ethics, evidence-based practice, touch, and equine therapy; and approaches as varied as disability and performance studies, feminism, logic, narrative theory, new materialism, and phenomenology, the book explores ways of thinking ‘otherwise’ about physiotherapy.Over 16 chapters written by authors from six different countries, Manipulating practices offers insights from some of physiotherapy’s most radical thinkers. The book is also an innovative venture into open source publishing, making it entirely free to download and read. In keeping with the objectives of the CPN, the chapters expose a range of concepts, ideas and practices to critical scrutiny, and reflect the profession’s growing interest in critiquing taken-for-granted ways of practicing and thinking.Manipulating practices will be of interest to clinicians, lecturers, policy-makers, researchers and students, and will provide new impetus to help physiotherapists imagine how the profession might grow and develop into the future."

"«Manipulating practices» er den første vitenskapelige antologien som samler kritiske studier innen fysioterapi, og lanseres i en tid der profesjonen er preget av store forandringer. Antologien representerer et samarbeidsprosjekt mellom 20 forskere, hvor majoriteten er medlemmer av Critical Physiotherapy Network (CNP) – et internasjonalt nettverk av forskere og klinikere fra hele verden. Antologien synliggjør den økende tendensen til kritisk tenkning som er i ferd med å vokse frem innenfor fysioterapi. Gjennom å fokusere på varierte tema som utdanning, etikk, evidensbasert praksis, berøring og terapiridning, samt en bred tilnærming som inkluderer funksjonshemming, performance-studier, feminisme, logikk, narrativ teori, ny materialisme og fenomenologi, utforsker antologien nye og annerledes tanker om fysioterapi som fag og profesjon. Antologiens 16 kapitler er skrevet av forskere fra seks ulike land og gir innsikt i forskningen til noen av de mest radikale forskerne i det internasjonale fysioterapimiljøet. Boken er også innovativ gjennom at den publiseres som open access, hvilket betyr at den kan lastes ned og leses gratis og dermed gjøres allment tilgjengelig. I tråd med ambisjonen for CPN, utforskes en rekke ulike begreper, ideer og praktiske tilnærminger relatert til kritisk tenkning innenfor fysioterapi. Slik gjenspeiles også profesjonens økende interesse for å kritisere etablerte måter å praktisere og tenke på, som tidligere har vært tatt for gitt.«Manipulating practices» vil være av interesse for forskere, klinikere, forelesere, politikere og studenter. Antologien vil forhåpentligvis bidra med nye impulser med henblikk på hvordan fysioterapiprofesjonen vil vokse og utvikle seg fremover."

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Information technology has been revolutionizing the everyday life of the common man, while medical science has been making rapid strides in understanding disease mechanisms, developing diagnostic techniques and effecting successful treatment regimen, even for those cases which would have been classified as a poor prognosis a decade earlier. The confluence of information technology and biomedicine has brought into its ambit additional dimensions of computerized databases for patient conditions, revolutionizing the way health care and patient information is recorded, processed, interpreted and utilized for improving the quality of life. This book consists of seven chapters dealing with the three primary issues of medical information acquisition from a patient's and health care professional's perspective, translational approaches from a researcher's point of view, and finally the application potential as required by the clinicians/physician. The book covers modern issues in Information Technology, Bioinformatics Methods and Clinical Applications. The chapters describe the basic process of acquisition of information in a health system, recent technological developments in biomedicine and the realistic evaluation of medical informatics.

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illustrator

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A philosopher who has experienced psychosis argues that recovery requires regaining agency and autonomy within a therapeutic relationship based on mutual trust. In Mental Patient, philosopher Abigail Gosselin uses her personal experiences with psychosis and the process of recovery to explore often overlooked psychiatric ethics. For many people who struggle with psychosis, she argues, psychosis impairs agency and autonomy. She shows how clinicians can help psychiatric patients regain agency and autonomy through a positive therapeutic relationship characterized by mutual trust. Patients, she says, need to take an active role in regaining their agency and autonomy—specifically, by giving testimony, cons tructing a narrative of their experience to instill meaning, making choices about treatment, and deciding to show up and participate in life activities. Gosselin examines how psychotic experience is medicalized and describes what it is like to be a patient receiving mental health care treatment. In addition to mutual trust, she says, a productive therapeutic relationship requires the clinician's empathetic understanding of the patient's experiences and perspective. She also explains why psychotic patients sometimes feel ambivalent about recovery and struggle to stay committed to it. The psychiatric ethics issues she examines include the development of epistemic agency and credibility, epistemic justice, the use of coercion, therapeutic alliance, the significance of choice, and the taking of responsibility. Mental Patient differs from straightforward memoirs of psychiatric illness in that it analyses philosophic issues related to psychosis and recovery, and it differs from other books on psychiatric ethics in that its analyses are drawn from the author's first-person experiences as a mental patient.

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Mobile Health Technologies, also known as mHealth technologies, have emerged, amongst healthcare providers, as the ultimate Technologies-of-Choice for the 21st century in delivering not only transformative change in healthcare delivery, but also critical health information to different communities of practice in integrated healthcare information systems. mHealth technologies nurture seamless platforms and pragmatic tools for managing pertinent health information across the continuum of different healthcare providers. mHealth technologies commonly utilize mobile medical devices, monitoring and wireless devices, and/or telemedicine in healthcare delivery and health research. Today, mHealth technologies provide opportunities to record and monitor conditions of patients with chronic diseases such as asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) and diabetes mellitus. The intent of this book is to enlighten readers about the theories and applications of mHealth technologies in the healthcare domain.

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Biomedical Engineering is a highly interdisciplinary and well established discipline spanning across engineering, medicine and biology. A single definition of Biomedical Engineering is hardly unanimously accepted but it is often easier to identify what activities are included in it. This volume collects works on recent advances in Biomedical Engineering and provides a bird-view on a very broad field, ranging from purely theoretical frameworks to clinical applications and from diagnosis to treatment.

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Alzheimer’s disease; Neurodegenerative diseases; Nicotine; Transporter; Glia

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Der Band versammelt ein breites Spektrum von Problemfeldern, die allesamt die soziale Verantwortung der Medizin und der in der Heilkunde tätigen Akteure berühren. Behandelt werden - aus historischer, wissenschaftstheoretischer und ethischer Sicht - Themen wie Transsexualität, Homosexualität, Körperidentitätsstörungen, körperliche und geistige Behinderung, Zwangsbehandlung und Hochbegabung. Dabei wird unter anderem untersucht, inwieweit die Medizin über Akzeptanz, Stigmatisierung und Pathologisierung von bestimmten Minderheiten und Personen mit abweichenden Lebensentwürfen mit entscheidet bzw. inwiefern ihr eine Rolle als „Deutungsmacht“ zukommt. Zugleich soll herausgearbeitet werden, dass der Heilkunde gerade im Umgang mit Menschen, deren körperliche oder geistige Disposition von der Allgemeinheit als ,anders’ empfunden wird, eine besondere Verantwortung zukommt.

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The book presents the results of an in-depth comparative study assessing the implementation of the EU Pharmacovigilance Directive in six EU Member States. By going beyond legal transposition and instead focusing on practical implementation, this study aims to close a gap in EU compliance research. Based on qualitative interviews with relevant actors in Germany, Poland, Portugal, France, Finland and the UK, the authors identify perceived challenges and best-practices, issue recommendations, and thereby contribute to a better understanding of the factors that incentivize or impede the practical implementation of EU law at the national level.ContentIntroduction: Background and Methodology • Pharmacovigilance • The EU Pharmacovigilance System • Timely and Correct Transposition of Pharmacovigilance across Member States • Practical Implementation in Six Member States • Challenges and Best Practices in Perspective • Conclusions and RecommendationsThe authorsDr. Michael Kaeding is Professor for European Integration and European Union Politics at the Department of Political Science of the University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and holds an ad personam Jean Monnet Chair in "Understanding EU Decision Making and Member States´ Compliance with EU Policies". Julia Schmälter is a research assistant at the Jean Monnet Chair for European Integration and European Union Politics at the Department of Political Science at the University of Duisburg-Essen.Christoph Klika is a lecturer at the Department of Political Science at the University of Duisburg-Essen.

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The book presents the results of an in-depth comparative study assessing the implementation of the EU Pharmacovigilance Directive in six EU Member States. By going beyond legal transposition and instead focusing on practical implementation, this study aims to close a gap in EU compliance research. Based on qualitative interviews with relevant actors in Germany, Poland, Portugal, France, Finland and the UK, the authors identify perceived challenges and best-practices, issue recommendations, and thereby contribute to a better understanding of the factors that incentivize or impede the practical implementation of EU law at the national level.ContentIntroduction: Background and Methodology • Pharmacovigilance • The EU Pharmacovigilance System • Timely and Correct Transposition of Pharmacovigilance across Member States • Practical Implementation in Six Member States • Challenges and Best Practices in Perspective • Conclusions and RecommendationsThe authorsDr. Michael Kaeding is Professor for European Integration and European Union Politics at the Department of Political Science of the University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and holds an ad personam Jean Monnet Chair in "Understanding EU Decision Making and Member States´ Compliance with EU Policies". Julia Schmälter is a research assistant at the Jean Monnet Chair for European Integration and European Union Politics at the Department of Political Science at the University of Duisburg-Essen.Christoph Klika is a lecturer at the Department of Political Science at the University of Duisburg-Essen.

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The book presents the results of an in-depth comparative study assessing the implementation of the EU Pharmacovigilance Directive in six EU Member States. By going beyond legal transposition and instead focusing on practical implementation, this study aims to close a gap in EU compliance research. Based on qualitative interviews with relevant actors in Germany, Poland, Portugal, France, Finland and the UK, the authors identify perceived challenges and best-practices, issue recommendations, and thereby contribute to a better understanding of the factors that incentivize or impede the practical implementation of EU law at the national level.ContentIntroduction: Background and Methodology • Pharmacovigilance • The EU Pharmacovigilance System • Timely and Correct Transposition of Pharmacovigilance across Member States • Practical Implementation in Six Member States • Challenges and Best Practices in Perspective • Conclusions and RecommendationsThe authorsDr. Michael Kaeding is Professor for European Integration and European Union Politics at the Department of Political Science of the University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and holds an ad personam Jean Monnet Chair in "Understanding EU Decision Making and Member States´ Compliance with EU Policies". Julia Schmälter is a research assistant at the Jean Monnet Chair for European Integration and European Union Politics at the Department of Political Science at the University of Duisburg-Essen.Christoph Klika is a lecturer at the Department of Political Science at the University of Duisburg-Essen.

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Das Werk stellt ethische Herausforderungen und Entscheidungskonflikte aus dem breiten Feld der inner- und außerklinischen Notfallmedizin dar und liefert durch Denkanstöße und ethische Argumente praxisnahe Entscheidungshilfen. Es richtet sich disziplin- und berufsgruppenübergreifend an Ärzte und Pflegende unterschiedlicher Fachrichtungen, Rettungsdienstmitarbeitende verschiedener Organisationen und Einrichtungen, Leitungen und Träger von Kliniken und Rettungsdiensten, Mitarbeitende von Kriseninterventionsteams sowie Ethikberatende und Ethikkomitees. Die Beiträge sind darauf ausgerichtet, sowohl Hilfe in kritischen Entscheidungssituationen zu bieten als auch die Klärung in der Nacharbeit zu solchen belastenden Ereignissen zu erleichtern. Den Lesern wird das nötige Handwerkszeug vermittelt, die ethischen Fragen von den übrigen Problemen, mit denen diese immer verwoben sind, zu differenzieren und zu bearbeiten. Das Buch antwortet als Nachschlagewerk auf ethische Fragen in der Notfallmedizin. Dazu werden in verschiedenen Fachbeiträgen ethische Themen praxisnah entfaltet und versteh- und handhabbar gemacht. In einer Fallsammlung werden diese Darstellungen an konkreten Situationen erprobt. Die Fälle können sowohl für Vor- und Nachbereitung in der Praxis als auch für den Unterricht aller in der Notfallmedizin Tätigen genutzt werden. Internetadressen, die auf offizielle Stellungnahmen von Fachgesellschaften und ethischen Arbeitsgruppen hinweisen, ergänzen die Darstellungen.

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This book highlights the ethical issues and dilemmas that arise in the practice of public health. It is also a tool to support instruction, debate, and dialogue regarding public health ethics. Although the practice of public health has always included consideration of ethical issues, the field of public health ethics as a discipline is a relatively new and emerging area. There are few practical training resources for public health practitioners, especially resources which include discussion of realistic cases which are likely to arise in the practice of public health. This work discusses these issues on a case to case basis and helps create awareness and understanding of the ethics of public health care. The main audience for the casebook is public health practitioners, including front-line workers, field epidemiology trainers and trainees, managers, planners, and decision makers who have an interest in learning about how to integrate ethical analysis into their day to day public health practice. The casebook is also useful to schools of public health and public health students as well as to academic ethicists who can use the book to teach public health ethics and distinguish it from clinical and research ethics.

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This book highlights the ethical issues and dilemmas that arise in the practice of public health. It is also a tool to support instruction, debate, and dialogue regarding public health ethics. Although the practice of public health has always included consideration of ethical issues, the field of public health ethics as a discipline is a relatively new and emerging area. There are few practical training resources for public health practitioners, especially resources which include discussion of realistic cases which are likely to arise in the practice of public health. This work discusses these issues on a case to case basis and helps create awareness and understanding of the ethics of public health care. The main audience for the casebook is public health practitioners, including front-line workers, field epidemiology trainers and trainees, managers, planners, and decision makers who have an interest in learning about how to integrate ethical analysis into their day to day public health practice. The casebook is also useful to schools of public health and public health students as well as to academic ethicists who can use the book to teach public health ethics and distinguish it from clinical and research ethics.

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This is the first book on ranaviruses. Ranaviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses that cause hemorrhagic disease in amphibians, reptiles, and fish. They have caused mass die-offs of ectothermic vertebrates in wild and captive populations around the globe. There is evidence that this pathogen is emerging and responsible for population declines in certain locations. Considering that amphibians and freshwater turtles are suitable hosts and the most imperiled vertebrate taxa in the world, ranaviruses can have significant impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem function. Additionally, many fish that are raised in aquaculture facilities and traded internationally are suitable hosts; thus, the potential economic impact of ranaviruses is significant. Ranaviruses also serve as a model for replication and gene function of large double-stranded DNA viruses. There is an urgent need to assemble the contemporary information on ranaviruses and provide guidance on how to assess their threats in populations. Through the Global Ranavirus Consortium, 24 experts from six countries were organize to write this volume, the first book on ranaviruses. The book begins with a discussion on the global extent of ranaviruses, case histories of infection and disease in ectothermic vertebrates, and current phylogeny. Basic principles of ranavirus ecology and evolution are covered next, with a focus on host-pathogen interactions and how the virus emerges in its environment. There are two chapters that will discuss the molecular biology of ranaviruses, host response to infection, and the genes responsible for immune system evasion. One chapter establishes standards for testing for infection and diagnosing ranaviral disease. The book ends by providing guidance on how to design ranavirus surveillance studies and analyze data to determine risk, and discussing the role of the Global Ranavirus Consortium in organizing research and outreach activities.

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This is the first book on ranaviruses. Ranaviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses that cause hemorrhagic disease in amphibians, reptiles, and fish. They have caused mass die-offs of ectothermic vertebrates in wild and captive populations around the globe. There is evidence that this pathogen is emerging and responsible for population declines in certain locations. Considering that amphibians and freshwater turtles are suitable hosts and the most imperiled vertebrate taxa in the world, ranaviruses can have significant impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem function. Additionally, many fish that are raised in aquaculture facilities and traded internationally are suitable hosts; thus, the potential economic impact of ranaviruses is significant. Ranaviruses also serve as a model for replication and gene function of large double-stranded DNA viruses. There is an urgent need to assemble the contemporary information on ranaviruses and provide guidance on how to assess their threats in populations. Through the Global Ranavirus Consortium, 24 experts from six countries were organize to write this volume, the first book on ranaviruses. The book begins with a discussion on the global extent of ranaviruses, case histories of infection and disease in ectothermic vertebrates, and current phylogeny. Basic principles of ranavirus ecology and evolution are covered next, with a focus on host-pathogen interactions and how the virus emerges in its environment. There are two chapters that will discuss the molecular biology of ranaviruses, host response to infection, and the genes responsible for immune system evasion. One chapter establishes standards for testing for infection and diagnosing ranaviral disease. The book ends by providing guidance on how to design ranavirus surveillance studies and analyze data to determine risk, and discussing the role of the Global Ranavirus Consortium in organizing research and outreach activities.

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